HOW TO MAKE CHICKEN FEED BY KARI.

70KG LAYERS CHICK MASH.
Feeds accounts to over 80 % in poultry production . If a farmer is able to bring this cost to about 50 to 60% she stands to make good returns in the poultry business. Farmers who formulate and make their own feeds at home save an average of Ksh 840 for every 70kg bag of chicken feed, which is a great saving for those doing commercial production.
Below, we give farmers some guidance on what they need to be able to formulate their own feeds and cut down their production costs:

How to prepare layers chick mash (1-4 weeks)

Since they are growing, chicks require feed with Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) of between 18 to 20 per cent. Amino acids are important additives in all feeds in order to make a complete feed for all animals. For hybrid chickens the addition of amino acids is very important to maintain a balanced diet for fast growth.

The following ingredients can be used to make a 70 kg bag of chick mash:
》 31.5kg of whole maize
》 9.1kg of wheat bran
》 7.0 kg of wheat pollard
》 16.8 kg of sunflower (or 16.8 kg of linseed)
》 1.5 kg of fishmeal
》 1.75 kg of lime
》 30g of salt
》 20g of premix

Amino acids
》 70g of tryptophan
》 3.0g of lysine
》 10g of methionine
》 70 g of threonine
》 50g of enzymes
》 60g of coccidiostat
》50g of toxin binder

To make a 70 kg bag growers feed (1 to 8 weeks),

It is important to remember that pullets or young layers should be provided with feed having a protein content of between 16 and 18 per cent. Such feed makes the pullet to grow fast and prepare for egg laying. Layers’ feed should never be fed to chickens younger than 18 weeks as it contains calcium that can damage their body organs such as kidneys (they can develop kidney stones), which interfere with egg production and also shorten their lifespan. Grit (sand) should be provided to growers that are not on free range to aid in digestion.

Making a 70 kg bag of layers’ mash (18 weeks and above)

》 34kg of whole maize
》 12kg of Soya
》 8kg of fishmeal
》 10kg of maize bran, rice germ or wheat bran
》 6 kg of lime
》 175g premix

Amino acids
》 70g lysine
》 35g methionine
》 ` 70kg tryonine
》 35g tryptophan
》 50g toxin binder

Layer feed should contain a Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) content of between 16-18 per cent. The feed should contain calcium for the formation of eggshells (Laying hens that do not get enough calcium will use the calcium stored in their own born tissue to produce eggshells). Layer feed should be introduced at 18 weeks

Important:
To improve on the feed quality, farmers making their own feeds should always have it tested to ensure the feed is well balanced. The KARI Centre in Naivasha has modern feed testing equipment that can test all nutrients and even the quality of the raw material used. It costs Ksh1000 to test one sample. After preparing your feed, take a 1kg sample; send it by courier to KARI, Naivasha, Tel. 0726 264 032 or 0738 390 715. If you are on email, the centre can send the results to you within 24 hours

The Ultimate Guide to Starting a Small Business from Scratch.

Being self-employed and starting your own business is something that a decade or so ago was not very common. But today, many people are turning their hobbies into careers and starting their own businesses. This is often as a side hustle alongside their main full-time jobs.

But a lot of people who have worked in a specific industry for a long time decide to go their own way and start their own companies. Starting your own business is a bold and exciting endeavor, but it can also be difficult and overwhelming. So, to help you get started here is the ultimate guide to starting a small business. 

Are You Really Prepared to Start a Business?

A lot of people have fancied themselves not cut out for the average nine to five, and would love to try out something both mentally and physically rewarding, not neglecting the financial aspect. Being your own boss, having flexibility with your schedule and keeping more of the financial rewards that come with business ownership, are all good reasons to own your own company.

“It is always the start that requires the greatest effort.” – James Cash Penny

“Building Oracle is like doing math puzzles as a kid.” – Larry Ellison

But a lot of would-be entrepreneurs get to find out along the line that it is not all roses, and that their projections are way off the mark. According to the Small Business Association, two thirds of all startups survive at least 2 years and approximately 50% of these startups survive up to 5 years.

“Success is a poor teacher. We learn the most about ourselves when we fail, so don’t be afraid of failing. Failing is part of the process of success. You cannot have success without failure.” – Rich Dad

One of the reasons why businesses fail lie in the planning and execution of such venture. There are so many things you have to consider from coming up with an excellent idea to registering a company, all the way to business planning, fundraising and much more.

“The business empires built by successful entrepreneurs were erected on the foundation of past failures.” – Ajaero Tony Martins

a) Thomas Edison failed 10,000 times before he invented the incandescent bulb and he went on to build General Electric (GE); one of the most powerful companies in the world. This is what he has to say;

“I have not failed. I have just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” – Thomas Edison

b) Henry Ford had two business failures and with the experience gathered from those business failures, he went on to build Ford Motor Company and became one of the richest men in history.

“Failure is just a resting place. It is an opportunity to begin again more intelligently.” – Henry Ford

C) Sir Philip Green had four business failures before he hit his first million at the age of 33.

d) Robert Kiyosaki had a major business failure when his Nylon and Velcro wallet company crashed; and with the experience from this failure, he went on to build the Rich Dad Company.

“Losers quit when they fail. Winners fail until they succeed.” – Robert Kiyosaki

“I can accept failure, everyone fails at something. But I cannot accept not trying.” – Michael Jordan

Making Your Dream a Reality.

One of the best things about starting your own business is that you can do whatever you like. Whether your passion is fashion design, illustration, or fixing cars, you can start your own business. You have very likely been dreaming of doing this for years and are finally ready to take the plunge and are trying to do as much research as possible.

This is very sensible as, although there are a lot of fun and exciting parts to starting your own business, there are also lots of serious (and kind of boring) parts as well. A lot of the serious stuff comes down to paperwork and making your business dreams into something real and professional. The best way to do this is to work on making a business plan and doing as much research as possible. 

Steps to Starting a Small Business from Scratch

1. Why Do You Want to Be an Entrepreneur?

“I built a conglomerate and emerged the richest black man in the world in 2008 but it didn’t happen overnight. It took me thirty years to get to where I am today. Youths of today aspire to be like me but they want to achieve it overnight. It’s not going to work. To build a successful business, you must start small and dream big. In the journey of entrepreneurship, tenacity of purpose is supreme.” – Aliko Dangote

Starting a business is a process that requires an enormous amount of thought and careful examination. First, you need to find out why you want to be a business owner. Are you genuinely interested in running a business or are you just trying to follow a fad?

Before you start a business, you should be absolutely clear about why you are doing it. That may sound obvious, but there are actually many reasons why someone should choose to turn their back on the security of a job and career for the uncertainty of starting a business. So the clearer you are about what exactly you are trying to achieve, the better chances you have of achieving it.

Next, take a good look at your strengths, weaknesses and skills. This will allow you to start thinking about what you can do and what you cannot do. It is important to start here even if you already have world’s best business idea, because you might not have the skills or personality traits to enable you to make it into a successful business.

“The height attained by great men is not by sudden flight. For while their companions lay asleep, these men were toiling in the night.” – Anonymous

You may be good at public speaking which can help when raising money, but bad at accounting which just means that you’ll need to find some kind of help with that area of the business. The crucial point is to understand yourself and your team, and if you are well suited to any business ideas, areas of business or specific types of business. It allows you to start coming up with ideas and narrowing down what businesses you could start.

Logic dictates that if you want a successful business then you should begin in an area that you already have a passion for. To start figuring out what businesses or areas of business you are passionate about, you need to start by thinking about the areas, activities, and things you are passionate about. That is, what interests you and what do you have strong opinions on, for example:

  • Someone who loves to hike might consider setting up a travel business.
  • Someone who loves Lego might think about a toy or construction business.
  • Someone who spent their whole life with a passion for music might start a company related to sound.

2. Read and Learn as Much as You Can.

“I started and built a business from scratch. One thing I love about the entrepreneurial process is this; no matter my level of fame and success today, the thought of my early days in life, when I had nothing; will always keep me humble.” – Ajaero Tony Martins

Research is crucial when it comes to starting a business. So much can be learned and extrapolated from just a few hours of Googling, surfing the Internet or reading related business books. Do your homework thoroughly and you’ll be so much better off. In fact, it’s a necessary first step to determine the viability of your business idea.

It’s important to be honest with yourself. If it seems your idea has already been done, can you do it better or offer it cheaper than the competition? Ask yourself the hard questions and get feedback from associates and mentors. Anybody that neglects to do the ground work may likely find out too late that they have made an avoidable mistake.

3. Find a Mentor or Coach.

When it comes to starting a business especially if you are a novice, one thing you should keep in mind is that you need help. By this help, we don’t mean financial. You can have a bag of money and still wreck your business. Right now, what you need more than anything else is the right kind of people to help you through the journey.

These people can be business mentors or even a business coach. Some entrepreneurs would decide to take on partners who would also play the role of a business guide or coach. If you start your company with co-founders, you should agree early on about the details of your business relationship.

Not doing so can potentially cause significant legal problems down the road. In a way, think of the founder agreement as a form of “pre-nuptial agreement.” Here are the key deal terms your written founder agreement needs to address:

  • How is the equity split among the founders?
  • Is the percentage of ownership subject to vesting based on continued participation in the business?
  • What are the roles and responsibilities of the founders?
  • If one founder leaves, does the company or the other founder have the right to buy back that founder’s shares? At what price?
  • How much time commitment to the business is expected of each founder?
  • What salaries (if any) are the founders entitled to? How can that be changed?
  • How are key decisions and day-to-day decisions of the business to be made? (by majority vote, unanimous vote, or are certain decisions solely in the hands of the CEO?)
  • Under what circumstances can a founder be removed as an employee of the business? (usually, this would be a Board decision)
  • What assets or cash does each founder contribute or invest into the business?
  • How will a sale of the business be decided?
  • What happens if one founder isn’t living up to expectations under the founder agreement? How will it be resolved?
  • What is the overall goal and vision for the business?
  • If one founder wants to leave the business, does the company have the right to buy back his or her shares? At what price?

4. Develop your Skills.

Business skills are skills that help people understand consumer and organizational behavior and the ability to use this information to promote the success of the company. Business skills are often considered soft skills and may include team management, leadership and communication skills, sales and marketing skills, etc.

You need to develop a couple of these skills if you want to be successful with your business. This is because, as a startup, you may likely take up a lot of roles by yourself before you start making enough money to hire professionals. So you need to build yourself up in these skills before you think of starting your business.

5. Have a Clear Business idea.

This is important for several reasons. One of the main reasons is it will help you secure funding. No one is going to fund a business that sort of has an idea that kind of might work. You need to find a gap in the market that your business will fill. 

You also need to be able to prove that you have the skills, experience, and know-how to not only set up a business but also build your business and help it to succeed. You need to plan beyond setting up the business itself and be able to plan for future growth. 

Coming up with a business idea can be difficult so don’t force it. You might want to work for yourself and be in control of your time and your own productivity, but this doesn’t mean that you should try and do just anything. Starting a business can mean becoming a freelancer in your field or starting to sell your crafts on Etsy. You don’t need to do anything outlandish or out there, just something that is viable and will attract a decent number of people. 

You can start by thinking about what significant problems you could solve and how. Many successful companies started out on a mission to solve real problems that affect millions of people and provide a solution through their products and services.

If your business idea involves a new product or service (or even an enhancement to an existing product or service), it needs to be evaluated. This is technically called market research. There are firms that specialize in doing market research for new products or ideas, but if you are on a tight budget, you can do this yourself.

After several rounds of market research with different groups of people, you should see patterns emerging about things that they both liked and didn’t like. Use this information to tweak your product or service and do another round of market research.

You should look for areas where you can provide significant savings to the customer vs competitors. These types of businesses grow incredibly fast, particularly during recession. Keep in mind that you’ll never come up with a universally loved product, your job is to produce a product or service that appeals to the broadest range of your target market.

Finding Your Niche.

Finding your niche is a really important part of starting your own business, especially a small business. When you’re starting a business, you need to find an audience that will respond well to your marketing and want to buy your products. You also need to understand where your business will sit amongst competitors within the market and work out how you’re going to differentiate yourself from them. 

Finding your niche will also help you to stay on track and keep control of your business. When you first get started, it can be exciting to dream big and just want to do everything. But this isn’t realistic. Even huge multi-million dollar companies will spend years researching and considering whether they can add another element to their business. 

So starting small is one of the best ways to keep on top of your business and help it to thrive. Defining your niche will also help you to find your target audience and market directly to them. If you people don’t know what you’re about and exactly what you’re selling, then they are less likely to pay attention. Here are the main considerations to make when finding your niche.

6. Define Target Audience.

Finding your target audience is really important. It’s nice to think that your product or service will appeal to everyone but that just isn’t the case. So you need to work out exactly who you will be selling to, what they want, how they will benefit from your product or service, and how best to market to them. 

This is called creating a customer persona. You essentially come up with the exact type of person who you think will be the most interested in your service or product. This will allow you to develop and market your product directly for the people who will want to buy it.

Developing a customer persona will also allow you to consider your service or product from the audience’s perspective. You will be able to get into the head of your customer and ensure you can understand what they would most want from you. You shouldn’t start a business for other people but it’s important to know who you will be buying from you.

7. Do Market Research.

Market research is important for several reasons. The main reason is to know where your business will sit in the market, what service it will provide that is not already available, and how it will compare to competitors.  It is very difficult to come up with an idea that no one else has had, so you will likely always be competing with someone else.

But this isn’t a bad thing. You can create something, for example, a clothing range, which so many people have done before. But it needs to be different. It needs to sit within a specific style and have what is known as a USP, a unique selling point.

A USP will allow you to concentrate your ideas and keep them in line. As already mentioned, it is easy to want to do everything but this is not a good idea. Knowing what you can offer is essential to starting your business but you also need to know what you offer in comparison to other businesses. So researching what else is out there and understanding how you will stand out but also fit in alongside other businesses is essential. 

Just don’t get too hung up on what other people are offering. You don’t want to try to be so different from everyone else that you end up offering something that people don’t really want or need. Doing extensive and proactive market research can help you to find that balance.

8. Validate your idea.

Once you have a few thoroughly researched business ideas, it’s time to test quickly and validate if your proposed business can work in the real world. Many entrepreneurs who skip this stage, end up wasting much time chasing ventures that would never work.

When testing a proposed business, you can assess the performance of any venture in different ways, so it is important to initially work out what you want to measure to gauge success or failure. Here are some suggested measures to get you started:

  • How much revenue could you generate/How many products can you sell?
  • How much customer interest can you generate?
  • How much press/notoriety can you generate?

If you have a services or a specific solution based business and your primary sales channel will be online, this is often the quickest way to test:

  • Set up a quick one-page website.
  • Make it seem and feel professional.
  • List your services/solutions.
  • Add a contact email.
  • Find the e-mails of ideal potential buyers and contact them about your service.
  • Then manage communications and see if anyone is interested, if not ask why and be persistent.
  • Set up a market stall and sell

If you are starting a product based business and your primary sales method will be face-to-face, a cost-effective way to test your business is to build initial versions of your product and book a table at your local market or festival. You can gauge via sales and customer feedback though this method.

9. Develop a Product Prototype.

When starting out, your product or service has to be at least good if not great. And the only way to find out is if you have a prototype. You can build a prototype for people to use, touch and look at so they can get a feel of it. If a prototype is not possible or it’s a service business, then offer a highly descriptive presentation of the business plan complete with its unique benefits and how it’s different from the competition.

Having a “beta” test product works for many startups as they work the bugs out from user reactions. Don’t drag your feet on getting your product out to market, since early customer feedback is one of the best ways to help improve your product.

10. Evaluate and Assess Your Situation.

When you are building up your ideas and business plan, keep asking yourself why you’re doing it. There isn’t really a right or wrong answer but it’s important to consider what exactly you’re getting into.  Have you had years of experience in the field, noticed a gap in the market, and feel confident that your business idea can plug the gap and be successful?

Are you tired of your current job and just want to take a leap into the unknown? Or have you recently been made unemployed, had an idea for a while, and feel like it’s now or never? Some of these reasons are stronger than others. But it’s important to consider where you are in your current situation.

Starting and building up a business is a long process, so there’s no need to rush. If you’re trying to start something to get in on a trend before it dies, then this might not be the best idea as it doesn’t suggest there is any potential longevity to your business idea.

Once you have considered the reasons behind why you want to start your own business, consider how viable it will be. Speak with professionals, attend training courses, and get as much information as you possibly can. This will set you up for success and ensure you don’t become overwhelmed and fizzle out before the business gets off the ground.

It’s important to know when the best time to start a business is in terms of the economy, but you also need to consider your personal life. Starting a business can mean working incredibly long hours, especially if you will be doing it alongside a full-time or even part-time job. It can affect your social life and your family life, especially if you have a partner and/or children. So it’s important to be realistic about what you can do and achieve.

This doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t try to start a business just because it will be difficult. Only that you need to be considerate of the far-reaching impact of the amount of work it will take. If you decide that this is the best time to make the leap and that you’re ready, go back to the reason why you’re doing this in the first place and regularly remind yourself throughout the business production process.

11. Choose a Business Name.

Coming up with the perfect business name can be hard, especially if you want a .com domain to go along with it. You can use a free business name generator to help you come up with a name. Most brands try to include their keyword in the brand name, such as Fashion Nova. However, some brands create a unique name, such as Oberlo.

The business name you choose should be catchy, memorable, easy to spell when heard, have available usernames and a domain, and be concise. Sometimes the best naming ideas come after bouncing names with a friend as a second opinion helps give you a different perspective. So feel free to get a second opinion if you feel stuck when choosing the right brand name.

Here are some basic tips on how to name your startup:

  • Avoid hard-to-spell names
  • Don’t pick a name that could be limiting as your business grows
  • Conduct a thorough Internet search on a proposed name
  • Get a “.com” domain name (as opposed to “.net” or another variant)
  • Conduct a thorough trademark search
  • Make sure you and your employees will be happy saying the name
  • Come up with five names you like and test market the name with prospective employees, partners, investors, and potential customers

12. Choose a Business Structure.

You have many options when it comes to choosing a business structure. Discussing them with your accountant or financial adviser is really the only way to know what’s right for you. But just to give you a quick rundown of the types of business entities and their pros and cons we will briefly go through them:

  1. Sole Proprietorship
  2. Partnership
  3. Limited Liability Company (LLC)
  4. Corporation

You should know that there is no simple answer to which structure is best for your business, it depends on your business operation and needs. For example, if you:

  • Plan to grow your small business beyond yourself (one person) and then sell it, then a Private Limited Company would likely be the most suitable structure.
  • Plan to only operate as a one-person business for the near future, then a Sole proprietorship would probably be the best structure.
  • Plan to start a business that has a significant amount of senior management, capital and that deals in services, then a Limited Liability partnership would be the best choice.

13. Write a Business Plan.

To have a successful business, to find funding, and to have a clear set of goals, you need a good business plan. Writing a business plan can be difficult, especially if you’re more on the creative side of things than the finances. This might be a reason to bring other people on board. Starting a business with someone else is a risky endeavor but it has a lot of benefits.

To write a business plan, you need to know what investors are looking for and what they will expect. You might have a great business idea but if you can’t show evidence that it will do well, then you’re going to have trouble getting support.

A business plan needs to be sensible, well-thought-out, and professionally written. So don’t rush it and seek advice when you need to. If you believe in your idea and have done your research, then the business plan will likely come easily. You might find yourself having to do more research again to fix small areas and get new figures. But you will be able to write a great business plan with the right help and information.

A good business plan should have the following elements:

  1. Executive summary
  2. Contents page
  3. Business model and products/services
  4. Customer, market and competition
  5. Marketing and sales
  6. Finances and projections
  7. Team
Business plan summary

This section should summarize your entire business plan through key points in bullet point format and provide contact details so a reader can easily get in touch with you. Create your initial document in Word, Google docs or Open Office, these tools are easy to use and you’ll end up with an easily editable file.

You can also use Excel to create and update a clear structure, this helps to give you a good overview of the plan. Make sure to use a theme that is consistent throughout the document regarding fonts, colours and design features. If you must give a copy to an external party, always export the file to PDF, and make sure to have professional graphics in place if desired.

14. Raise Capital.

Before you can start generating any revenue or making purchases, you are going to need to open a business bank account to send, receive and securely store your businesses capital (money). It is essential to select a bank and business account carefully as it is very likely you will be with the chosen banking provider for the life of the business.

You also must decide what type of business account or accounts your set up. If you have the wrong type of account, it can significantly affect your cost of business banking. It will take you a bit of time to gather information on bank accounts and compare it, but it is worth doing as it can save you a lot of money, time and headaches in the future.

Once you are a few months or years into trading, it can be challenging to change banks and even to change your accounts, as you will likely be processing many payments and purchases through your bank and accounts at any one time.

15. Be Realistic.

This might sound harsh but it is important to keep your expectations realistic. You should aim high and believe in what your business has to offer. But you also need to remember that starting a business is difficult and you might fail many times before you succeed.

The chances of you setting up a multi-million dollar business straight away are extremely unlikely. With that said, you also shouldn’t focus too much on how much money you will be making. It’s important to focus on finances, supporting your business, and whether or not you are making any money. 

But you also don’t want to focus only on making money. Being able to make affordable products is important, but you also need to provide good quality products and services. So make sure to focus on the quality of the services or products that your business is providing, before considering how big your profit margins are. 

Getting Your Business Out There.

Marketing your business is another huge step. Even if you have an amazing product or service, it won’t matter if no one knows about it. So you need to get your business, your brand, and your products out into the public eye. 

16. Digital Marketing.

This will be a huge part of your marketing scheme. You need to consider every digital avenue you have available to reach the widest audience possible. Social media marketing is an incredibly valuable tool for getting messages, products, and services out into the world.

When you first get your business up and running, setting up your own social media accounts is one of the best ways to get people’s attention. You can set out your aesthetic, show your ideas, highlight your products, and share your message. You can show images of products on Instagram, film videos of you making and packing products on TikTok, and tweet out offers on Twitter.

Digital marketing is difficult and you could get a whole college degree in it if you wanted to. But you can also find courses online to help you. There are some that are free but it’s also a good idea to invest in some courses that can help you get started.

Digital marketing can also involve marketing via email and through your own website. Having a website for your business is essential. Even if you are incredibly small, not having a website is just not an option anymore. A lot of people, no matter their age, won’t trust a business if it doesn’t have a website.

So it’s important to have a professional-looking website with all of your information available. You don’t need anything too fancy but something that shows you are real, legitimate, and trustworthy is essential.

17. Reach Out to Local Newspapers and Radio Stations.

Digital marketing might be one of the best ways to reach a large audience but it isn’t the only way. It also might not be the most important way if you have a very small, local business. If you are opening up a business that will only serve the local community, then you don’t need to go too hard on social media (although it will still help).

Reaching out to local newspapers and radio stations will help get the word out into your local community and directly to your customer base. When you’re deciding on your customer persona, it’s important to consider where they will most likely receive their news and advertising. If your customer persona has a Nokia 3310 and only reads the local paper, then marketing to them through TikTok is not the best idea. 

Office Space vs Home-Based.

This is an important consideration for yourself, your family, and any potential future employees. If you are starting a copywriting business, then remote home working will be ideal. But, if you’re starting a clothing line, you’re going to need a lot more space.

Considering what your business needs to succeed is essential but so is considering what expenses are essential. Office space could be something that sounds like a nice idea but just isn’t something you need to be spending money on. If you find out later on that you would work better in an office, then you can factor this into your expenses. But it’s best to keep them low to start off with.

It’s also important to consider the cultural shift that has happened since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. If you do eventually hire some employees, they might be expecting flexible working if not the ability to work from home permanently. Most people began working from home in March 2020 and returning to an office is just not an option for a lot of people.

Working from home also allows you to hire different people around the country, if not around the world, and also allows for greater accessibility as you will be able to hire people who, due to mental or physical disabilities, cannot work in an office. 

18. Choose a Suitable Location.

As you are setting up your business, you need to start thinking of the location you will be operating from. Apart from working from home, there a few different options for entrepreneurs looking for space to start and run their businesses.

  • Rent a co-working space

Co-working spaces allow you to flexibly rent office space or an individual desk at a relatively low cost compared to traditional serviced or private office options. They also offer an environment designed for start-ups with a great community of like-minded entrepreneurs.

  • Apply for a business accelerator

Accelerator programs provide seed investment, mentorship and office space for a limited time to start-ups and other small companies. If you are a technology business, there are many accelerators where you could apply for in many major cities in the UK.

  • Rent a business incubator office

Incubators are effectively low-cost office space that offer some level of community and network. Non-for-profit companies, charities or universities typically run them.

  • Rent from another local business

Many large to medium sized businesses that find they have excess space are often open if approached by a smaller company about renting unused space in their premises. It is a great source of extra income for the landlord business and often a flexible renting agreement for the tenant business.

Build The Work Environment.

Whether you decide to build your company in an office, in a dedicated workspace, or at your kitchen table, you need to have a dedicated work environment. This is essential for productivity but also for rest.  Most people need to have a specific workspace so they can feel ready to work and get into the right headspace. But you also need somewhere to get away from work.

When you start your business, it can get overwhelming and take over your life a little. You need to be able to separate yourself from the business and have a healthy work-life balance.  Here are some of the main things to consider when setting up your work environment. 

  • Computer/Laptop

This is essential, no matter what your business is or where it will be based. Almost everything you need for your business, from ordering materials to filling in paperwork, will now be online.

  • Credit Card Processor

This is not necessarily essential, especially if your business will be entirely online as you can set up a checkout page on your website. But it will be essential for a physical store and might even be useful for an online store if some of your customers prefer to order over the phone.

  • Landline or Cell Phone

Speaking of phones, having a dedicated work phone is important. Landlines might seem old-fashioned now, but a lot of people won’t trust a business that only has a cell phone number. Whichever type of phone you choose, make sure that it is separate from your personal phone. This is another way to ensure that your work life and personal life remain separate.

  • Headsets or Earbuds

This is another item to consider. You might find that working with a headset or earbuds is essential or you might find you never need them. But, if you have a phone and a contact number, then you’re going to be fielding all of the customer service and work calls when you first start up your business. You might eventually hire someone for this but at first, you will be the main (and only) point of contact.

  • Printer, Scanner, Copier

Although a lot of your business will be conducted online, and it’s important to try and go paperless to reduce your environmental impact, it can still be useful to have these items. Especially if you are an illustrator or have products that you will be printing yourself.

  • Software

No matter your business, having the correct software is essential. This can be the right software for setting up a safe and secure checkout page on your website or it can be software that helps you to keep on top of stock. “Software” is a word that can be daunting to most people without a computer science degree but if you do enough research, and hire someone who knows what they’re doing, you will be okay.

  • Internet Connection

No matter your business, an internet connection is as essential as heating and running water. This will be how your customers will be able to contact you, to buy from you, and to see your advertising. It is absolutely essential that you have a strong internet connection.It will also help when speaking with other professionals.

You might take a lot of meetings in person but you will also need to be able to take meetings via Zoom or Teams. If your internet connection keeps cutting out or is bad during these meetings, it can be awkward or make you appear unprofessional.

  • Shipping Materials

This is a really important aspect to consider. It might not seem like a big deal, but the packaging is the first thing your customers will see when they receive their order. If the packaging is poor or looks messy then it will give your customer the impression that the product could be poorly made as well.

Using eco-friendly and recyclable packaging is also essential. It’s important to ensure that your business is as environmentally friendly as possible. Your environmental impact will be monitored by many people and checked out by a lot of customers before they buy from you.

If your business is not eco-friendly then you can lose a lot of customers and be creating something that will only make the current environmental breakdown worse. So it’s important to not further negatively contribute.Setting up your workspace is also incredibly important and you need to set up your workspace with a few different things.

  • Furniture

Furniture is essential. Good quality comfortable furniture is important for both you and any employees you might have. This is especially true if you will be sitting down for long periods of time. Choosing a comfortable and supportive chair, desks of the correct size and height, and even footstools are important.

  • Stationery

You might find yourself doing a lot of your work on a computer but stationery is still important. This is especially true if you like to draw or write things down first before transferring them to your computer.Notebooks, pens, and highlighters are all useful for your business.

You might prefer working on a screen but this isn’t good for your eyes. So working by hand can be an important and healthy break. Eye strain is a problem for a lot of modern professionals and if you start working long hours when you start the business, this could become a problem.

  • Storage Space

Storage space is another important factor to consider when you are trying to separate your home from your work. Storage space allows you to keep your workspace neat and tidy which will allow you to work better.But you also need to be able to pack up your work items at the end of the day.

This is especially important if you don’t have space for an office and will be working at the kitchen table. It is easy to dedicate long periods of time to a business that relies on you but you also need to take a break to rest and come back again.

You might not need all of these items or you might need more. It will very likely be the small things that catch you out. The small things, such as pens or packaging labels, are essential but easy to forget when you’re trying to start up a whole business.

Making the Business Official.

It is essential to do everything by the book. Setting up a business when you have no prior experience can be confusing as there are a lot of legal and financial things to consider that can be difficult, especially as you don’t want to accidentally do anything wrong. Speaking with your bank, financial advisors, other professionals, and bringing on board people who can help you with all aspects of your business is important. 

  • Bank accounts and credit cards

You may want to set up free or low-cost bank accounts, as well as determine whether to provide credit cards to managers or sales reps.

These are all absolutely essential to starting your business and ensuring that you have all the important things considered. This will stop you from accidentally falling into any pitfalls or missing any essential paperwork or permits. 

19. Hire Employees and Form your Management Team.

Your business can be made or marred by the kind of employees and management team you hire. You are now going to face the task of hiring the best fit for your business.

  • Do you hate sales and cold calling? Great! There are people who love selling and wouldn’t want to do anything else.
  • Bored to death with accounting? There are a ton of small accounting firms out there that will take care of that for you.
  • What about marketing? You can hire someone in-house or out-source that too.

Your job is to keep on top of all the different aspects of the business to make sure they are all running smoothly and getting the results you need. If not, it’s your job to figure out the problem and implement a solution though hiring right.

20. Launch your Business With a Grand Opening Ceremony.

Launching a business is an exciting time for an entrepreneur. During a grand opening, new businesses introduce their products and services to potential clients, vendors, suppliers, investors and the surrounding community. Grand opening events are designed to leave a memorable impression on guests.

To get a great outing on your great opening, you have to apply several strategies. Host a small, intimate cocktail reception to introduce and celebrate your new business. Publicize the opening of the business on websites and in publications that target your ideal clients.

Invite the community to come and celebrate your the opening of your business on a designated day or weekend. Contact and join the business associations in your area once your business is ready to take clients. Provide useful, engaging information on your site that encourages visitors to bookmark your page. Announce the grand opening of your business by advertising online and offline.

21. Start Marketing and Promoting your Business from day 1.

Whether you are a retail store, a chemicals company or a modelling company having at least a basic website is a basic marketing tool in the 21st century, customers expect you to have a website and expect to be able to find it easily. Your website should:

  1. Include and show your company/business details including address, phone number, name, and logo (if you have a limited company number it is also a legal requirement to list it here).
  2. Provide a clear description of what your business is/does.
  3. Provide details of your products, services, and
  4. Provide a business e-mail or contact form that enables prospective customers/outside parties to reach you easily.
  5. You can add many more things to your website, this is just the basic information you need to include.

Creating a website is not nearly as complicated as you might think it is. There are many different types of software, website builders and helpful information that allow you to build a simple website for your business. Once you have a website, you are going to need a professional e-mail address where prospective customers and external parties can reach you.

As mentioned above, establishing a professional appearance is essential to show that your business is serious and legitimate. You need to offer customer service, digital access, but also physical access. 

These all, of course, depend on the type of business you will be running. For most modern businesses, physical access isn’t necessary. But opening up a physical shop or office can help to create a more legitimate appearance. This is especially true if you will be serving your local community. 

Having a business that functions entirely online will work for some but not others. Having a physical presence is also important for access. Having a mailbox or a shopfront will help cement your business as a feature of your community. This will be incredibly important for many people, your employees and customers both. 

Staying Professional.

22. Run your Business.

If the business is to become successful, you must become a great salesperson. You are going to have to learn how to “sell” your business—not only to customers but also to prospective investors and even to potential employees. It’s important to be positive, trustworthy, and to learn how to listen. You must practice your sales pitch, get feedback from a variety of people, and then refine your pitch.

Even if you are not naturally an extrovert, you need to show confidence, follow up, and ask for the sale. Again, you have to always feel the pulse of your business. Have your eyes in every department, especially in marketing and accounts. Equally take care of your clients so they keep coming back.

Summary.

Starting your own business is an exciting idea but it is also overwhelming. Hopefully, this article has given you a better understanding of how to get your service or product out to the people who want and need it. 

There are a lot of serious and confusing elements to starting a business, but there are also a lot of fun and exciting parts too. Trying to get your head around business plans, creating customer personas, and what kind of packing materials to use might take some time, but it will all be worth it when you succeed. 

The most important thing to remember is that it will be difficult and you might not succeed straight away but hard work can pay off. That said, it’s also essential that you don’t let your business overrun your life. Beginning a business should be the start of something better for you and your family, not something more difficult.

So, overall, you need to work hard, do everything by the book, and ask for help when needed. But you also need to remember why you’re starting a business, why you love what you do, and how you will be improving the lives of your customers through your business.

profitableventure

Growing Hass Avocados In Kenya: A Guide Into Producing the Best.

The Hass avocado variety is the most popular Kenya avocado for export because it enjoys a good market in Europe as compared to the other varieties. Hass is originally from Guatemala and one of its most prominent features is that it turns dark purple when ripe. The fruit grants the following benefits which generally apply across the family of avocados;

1. They are high in protein and mineral content, compared to animal protein.

2. Avocados are an essential source of good cholesterol.

3. They are used in cosmetics, for example, in the manufacture of facial and hair oil.

4. Economically, they are a good source of income for farmers besides earning foreign currency for the country especially Hass avocados.

Avocado growing is largely a permanent investment and, therefore, there is need for careful planning before venturing into it. In Kenya, Hass avocado is mainly cultivated by both large-scale growers and small scale farmers.

Ecological Requirements.

Hass avocado does well in altitudes between 1000m to 2000m. The fruit is generally bigger in cool areas as compared to warm areas. The optimum temperature is 20 to 24 degrees celcius. Although avocados are fairly resistant to drought, well-distributed rainfall of between 1000-1200mm is adequate for proper crop development. They also require well-drained soils to avoid root rot. The best soils are sandy or alluvial loams with pH ranging from 5 to 7.

Cultivation Instructions;

Planting Material.

Avocados can be grown from seeds or from seedlings. Grafting improves the variety by increasing its resistance to diseases, improving yield and increasing its adaptability to different soils. The planting material should be inspected by relevant personnel to ensure they are free from diseases. Seeds should be treated with hot water not exceeding 50C.

Land Preparation.

This should be similar to the preparation of land for other crops. In case of newly cleared land, it is advisable to plant an annual crop a year before growing avocados, in order to achieve a good tillage of the cleared land. If there are strong winds, ensure the necessary wind-breakers such as hedges are in place.

Planting holes.

It is advisable to plant the trees in straight lines to facilitate crop husbandry and harvesting. In Kenya, the rectangular pattern of planting is preferred for hass avocados, as it eases movement of machinery in between rows as well as other activities such as inspection, thinning, and pruning.

Tree spacing depends on several factors such as soil fertility and climatic conditions. Spacing may range from 6m by 7m to 8m by 10m.

The planting holes should be around 60 cm to 70 cm. Take soil samples when digging holes while taking care not to mix the topsoil with the subsoil. Collect 10 to 12 samples of the top soil at a depth of between 5cm to 15cm and repeat this process for subsoil at a depth of below 16 cm. Send the two samples to a legitimate soil testing center or to the National Agricultural Laboratories.

Planting.

Use about two buckets of farmyard manure properly mixed with top soil, 250gm of double superphosphate fertilizer, and a certfied insecticide to fill the planting holes. Planting should be done after the onset of rains when rainwater has properly penetrated the soil. When filling up the holes, do not damage the roots. Irrigate the newly planted Hass avocado trees or seeds preferably until the first shoots appear. Tie the young plants to sticks to support them.

Pruning.

Pruning starts at the planting stage where roots that are too long and do not fit in the planting hole are reduced in size. During the early stages of growth, trees are trained in order to maintain a good framework. Pruning is also normally done before flowering and upon completion of harvesting. The general guideline is that the tree canopy height should be 70% of row width. This allows light to penetrate. Pruning improves yield and provides a superior tree structure.

Thinning.

This involves removing some of the already formed fruits in order reduce competition for nutrients, therefore ensuring high-quality fruits. Too many fruits will result to small sized fruits.

Weed Control.

Weed control reduces competition for nutrients and water. Some of the methods for weed control are mechanical cultivation, cover cropping, and mulching.

Pests and Diseases.

The most efficient and economical method of pest and disease control is prevention. These preventive measures include weed control, proper selection of planting material, maintaining optimum plant density and proper fertilizer application.

In Kenya, avocado production is not considerably affected by pests and rarely will pest control require a chemical application. However, some of the major pests attacking avocados include

1. False codling moth which is a brownish, night-flying moth.

2. Thrips.

3. Scale insects.

Fungal diseases may also affect avocados and therefore need to be checked. They include;

1. Root rot. Also known as Phytophthora cinnamomi, it is mostly found in areas with poorly drained soils and flood prone areas. Some of the preventive measures include fungal and hot water treatment of seeds and grafting on phytophthora resistant rootstock. There are two chemicals registered to combat this disease i.e. Ridomil, active ingredient Metalaxyl, is a granular formulation which is applied in the soil, and works by killing the pathogen. Aliette, the second chemical is applied onto the leaves.

2. Anthracnose. It’s also called Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. It attacks the fruits, forming dry, dark brown sports. It mostly attacks mature fruits. It is controlled using copper based fungicides as well as spraying with chemicals such as Benomyl, Mancozeb, Metiram, Propineb, Thiabendazole or Triforine.

3. Cercospora fruit spot or Pseudocercospora purpurea also affects the fruits leaving small, light yellow spots which eventually turn to a brownish color on leaves and fruits. It’s controlled using similar methods to Anthracnose.

4. Scab. It attacks fruits, twigs, and leaves. Lesions emerge as little dark spots a little raised and are oval or elongated. It’s controlled using similar methods to Anthracnose.

Harvesting.

Kenya Hass Avocados flower at around October and are mature for picking between June to September. It is important to know how to identify the correct harvesting period because avocados are harvested raw and ripen off the tree. Harvest a few fruits and keep them in favourable conditions to ripen. If the fruits ripen evenly, they can be considered to have been mature. Careful picking of similar fruits from the trees can now commence.

Yield.

The yield depends on several factors such as proper pest and disease control, plant density, and soil fertility among others. Generally, the average yield of Hass avocados in Kenya is 87 780 fruits per hactor.

There is great potential for Hass avocado production in Kenya, especially for export. Some regions especially the central region and the rift valley region have impressive climatic conditions for the production of this fruit. The biggest challenge, however, remains lack of understanding among some farmers on the pesticides minimum residual levels (MRL) guidelines by the European market. Without this crucial information, there is a danger of farmers producing fruits only for them to be rejected by the export companies. Every effort should be made to sensitise the farmers about these guidelines to ensure the highest export quality of Hass avocado is produced in Kenya.

source -selinawamucii®

How to Start a Farming Business from Scratch With No Money in 24 Steps

The agricultural industry of which commercial farming is a subset of is no doubt among the leading industry in most countries of the world; it is the industry that produces food for the populace and raw materials for industries. Because of the significant role the agriculture sector plays, the government of most countries ensures that they go all the way to subsidize seedlings, fertilizers, and farming implements and machinery for farmers and also encourage entrepreneurs to go into farming.

There are several business opportunities available in the agricultural industry and one good thing about the industry is that there is market for all the produce from the industry. Over the years, researchers and scientist have been researching on ways to improve crop cultivation especially in areas where the soil composition and climatic condition does not support the growth of certain crops (cash crops, food crops et al). So also engineers have been improving on their invention as regards mechanized farming et al.

If you are looking towards leveraging on the agriculture industry to generate huge income, then one of your best bet is to start a commercial farm. Commercial farming is all about mass – cultivation of crops and rearing animals, fish, and birds’ et al for the sole aim of making profits. In most cases it is referred to as mechanized farming.

As a matter of fact, with the recent advancement in technology farmers can now comfortably grow crops in a country where such crops can hardly survive and in places where there are few farming land, people can make use of the rooftop (basement) of their houses to cultivate crops even for commercial purposes.

What Does It Take to Start a Commercial Farm?

One thing is certain about commercial farming, if you are able to conduct your market research and feasibility studies; you are more likely not going to struggle to sell your farm produce because there are always food processing companies and consumers out there who are ready to buy from you.

Lastly, with commercial farming, you can afford to combine crop cultivation and animal husbandry or you can decide to only special in the cultivation of crops or rearing of animals / birds / fish. The bottom line is that if you have enough land (space) and you are interested in maximizing commercial farming, you are sure going to make huge profits from the business.

24 Steps to Starting a Farming Business from Scratch With No Money

1. Understand the Industry

Statistics has it that there were 2.2 million farms, covering an area of 922 million acres (3,730,000 km2), and an average of 418 acres (1.69 km2) per farm in the united states of America. No doubt, an estimated 97 percent of farms in the United States of America are operated by families, family partnerships, or family corporations.

Statistics also has it that farming (most especially commercial farming) employs more than 24 million American workers (which is roughly17 percent of the total workforce in the United States). For example, in 2006, the average American farmer grew enough food for about 144 other people and also in 1940, the average farmer grew food for about 19 other people (which was close to enough food).

Interesting Statistics About the Industry

Records has it that in 2007, just 187,816 of the 2.2 million farms in the United States of America accounted for 63% of sales of agricultural products, marking a trend toward the concentration in agricultural production. Agricultural efficiency has increased over the past century from 27.5 acres/worker in 1890 to 740 acres/worker in 1990

It is on record that American dairy farmers receive less than $1.32 per gallon of milk they produce from their farms and the average retail price of milk $2.76. The average cow produces 7 gallons of milk a day, 2,100 pounds of milk a month, and 46,000 glasses of milk a year. There are 350 squirts in a gallon of milk. For example, rearing beef cattle is the single largest segment of the United States of Americas’ agriculture industry. Statistics has it that The United States of America produces more beef than any other country in the world and about 34 million cows are slaughtered in the U.S. every year.

Global statistics has it that commercial livestock farming employs about 1.3 billion people globally and livestock farming feeds billions of people and employs 1.3 billion people. That means about 1 in 5 people on Earth work benefits from the business value chain of commercial livestock farming.

For instance, in the United States of America and in other developed countries, most livestock is raised on large factory farms called concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and the largest CAFOs house poultry and contain more than 125,000 chickens at one time.

Statistics shows that more than 100 agricultural crops in the U.S. are pollinated by bees. In fact, one out of three bites of food people eat is thanks to honeybees. Bees contribute to more than $15 billion worth of crops every year through pollination.

Despite the fact that commercial farming has been in existence since time immemorial, that does not in any way make the industry to be over saturated; commercial farmers are exploring technology to continue to improve cultivation processes and also food preservation process; mechanized farming has indeed increased the tons of food produced by farmers. The fact that there is always a ready market for commercial farming produce makes the business ever green.

Entrepreneurs are encouraged and motivated to start their own commercial farm business simply because it is a profitable business venture, and also it is a business that attracts government supports and funding. More so, acquiring farm land is far cheaper when compared to acquiring land for real estate purposes.

2. Conduct Market Research and Feasibility Studies

  • Demographics and Psychographics

The demographics and psychographics composition of those who are the end consumer of commercial farm produce and also those who benefits from the business value chain of the agriculture industry is all encompassing; it is far – reaching.

Every household consumes produce from commercial farms be it vegetables, fruits, grains, tubers, fish, eggs, poultries, and cattle et al. So also a large chunk of manufacturing companies depends on commercial farms for some of their raw materials. In essence a commercial farmer should be able to sell his or her farm produce to as many people as possible.

3. Decide Which Niche to Concentrate On

There are several areas an entrepreneur who is looking towards starting a commercial farm can specialize in and as a matter of fact, it is easier for a commercial farmer to combine two or more niches especially if they have the resources and trainings.

These are some of the available niche ideas within the commercial farms industry;

  • Cash Crop Cultivation (Tobacco, Coffee, Cotton, Rubber et al)
  • Crops Cultivation (Vegetable, Grains, Tubers et al)
  • Fruits Plantation
  • Poultry Farming
  • Animal Husbandry (Cattle Ranch, Dairy Farms, Pigs Farming, Grass cutter Farming)
  • Fish Farming
  • Bee Farming

The Level of Competition in the Industry

It is easier to find entrepreneur flocking towards an industry that is known to generate consistent income which is why there are more commercial farmers in the United States of America and of course in most parts of the world.

For example, Statistics has it that there were 2.2 million farms in the United States of America, covering an area of 922 million acres. These goes to show that there are appreciable numbers of farmers in the United States of America but that does not mean that there is stiffer competition in the industry.

As a matter of fact, entrepreneurs are encouraged by the government to embrace commercial farming. This is so because part of the success of any nation is her ability to cultivate her own food and also export foods to other nations of the world.

4. Know Your Major Competitors in the Industry

These are some of the well – known innovative commercial farms brand both in the United States and perhaps the world;

  • Sky Greens Farms in Singapore
  • The Pasona HQ office building in Tokyo, Japan
  • The Roots on the Rooftop in downtown New Orleans
  • Vancouver’s Local Garden
  • Green Sky Growers in Winter Gardens, Florida
  • The Greenhouse Project, New York City
  • Sweet Water Organics in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
  • Growing Power in Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Economic Analysis

If your intention of starting a business is to maximize profits and to favorable compete with other players in the industry you intend pitching your business tent, then you should endeavor to go all out to conduct thorough economic analysis. With a thorough economic analysis, you will be able to determine the total amount that is safe for you to invest in the business, and also you will be able to make projections on the profits you are likely going to get from the business.

When it comes to the economic analysis for commercial farm business, you should be guided by the value of farm land in the area you intend starting your commercial farm, the type (niche) of commercial farm you want to start, the size of the farm, the cost of farming equipment, the numbers of employees you intend hiring and of course the market value of the farm produce and the available market.

5. Decide Whether to Buy a Franchise or Start from Scratch

If you are looking towards starting a commercial farm, then you must be willing to start from the very scratch simply because there are no opportunities to buy a farm franchise. It is fact that you can hardly come across anyone selling a farm franchise. This is so, because the nature of commercial farm business gives room to entrepreneurs who are interested in starting the business to start from the scratch and still build the business to compete with leading farms especially if you have the needed resources.

6. Know the Possible Threats and Challenges You Will Face

Some of the threats and challenges that you are likely going to face when you start your own commercial farm are global economic downturn that can impact negatively on household spending, bad weather cum natural disasters (draughts, epidemics), unfavorable government policies and the arrival of a competitor (a commercial farm that cultivates same crops or rear same animals, birds and fish) within same location. There is hardly anything you can do as regards this threats and challenges other than to be optimistic that things will continue to work for your good.

7. Choose the Most Suitable Legal Entity (LLC, C Corp, S Corp)

It is important to note that if you are considering starting a commercial farm, then you should ensure that you choose a legal entity that will not only position you to grow the business but also to access support and funding from financial institutions.

When it comes to choosing a legal entity for your commercial farm you have the option of choosing from a sole proprietorship, a general partnership, a limited partnership, an LLC, a “C” corporation, or a “S” corporation. It is important to clearly state that these different forms of legal structure for business has its own advantages and disadvantages; which is why you must weigh your options properly before making your choice on the legal structure to build your commercial farm on.

These are some of the factors you should consider before choosing a legal entity for your commercial farm; limitation of personal liability, ease of transferability, admission of new owners and investors’ expectation and tax issues. If you take your time to critically study the various legal entities to use for your commercial farm, then you will agree that Limited Liability Company; an LLC is most suitable. You can start your commercial farm as limited liability company (LLC) and in future convert it to a ‘C’ corporation or a ‘S’ corporations especially when you have the plans of going public.

Upgrading to a ‘C’ corporation or ‘S’ corporation will give you the opportunity to grow your commercial farm so as to compete with major players in the industry; you will be able to generate capital from venture capital firms, stock market, you will enjoy separate tax structure, and you can easily transfer ownership of the farm; you will enjoy flexibility in ownership and in your management structures.

8. Choose a Catchy Business Name

  • Hawaii Farms
  • Sandy Tee Poultry
  • Evans Green Farms
  • Benny Blanco Organic Farms
  • Usborne and Bella Fish Farm
  • Henry Marvin and Sons Cattle Ranch
  • North Dakota Commercial Farm, Inc.
  • Texas Dairy Farm
  • Clip and Clock Pig Farm
  • Green Life and Agro Allied Incorporated

9. Discuss with an Agent to Know the Best Insurance Policies for You

The fact that you can operate your commercial farm as a sole proprietorship business does not meant that you will not have need for basic insurance policy that is expected for a business owner or company in the United States of America. You can talk to your insurance broker and he or she will be able to guide you on the best and most suitable insurance cover that you should buy for your commercial farm business.

Well, these are some of the basic insurance cover that you should consider purchasing if you want to start your own commercial farm business in the United States of America;

  • General insurance
  • Health (medical) insurance
  • Liability insurance
  • hazard Insurance
  • Workers Compensation
  • Overhead expense disability insurance
  • Business owner’s policy group insurance

10. Protect your Intellectual Property With Trademark, Copyrights, Patents

On the average, it is safe to state that starting a commercial farm business does not require filing for an intellectual property protection. However, some business owners usually go the extra mile to ensure that everything that emanates from the business is well protect to guide against other competitors taking advantage of their brain child.

For instance, one of the reasons why a commercial farm company would want to file for intellectual property protection is when they are able to come up with their own invention. Other than that, there is no point filing for intellectual property protection.

11. Get the Necessary Professional Certification

Ordinarily, if you decide to start a commercial farm business in the United States, you would not have need for a professional certificate except in situation when you have to handle chemicals (pesticides, insecticides, fertilizers and fumigation et al).

Be that as it may, it is important to note that you might have to undergo specialized training if you want to engage in some core area of specializations in crops cultivation or animal rearing et al.

12. Get the Necessary Legal Documents You Need to Operate

These are some of the basic legal documents that you would need to successfully run a commercial farm business in the United States of America;

  • Certificate of Incorporation
  • Business License
  • Business Plan
  • Non – disclosure Agreement
  • Employment Agreement (offer letters)
  • Operating Agreement
  • Insurance Policy
  • Employees Handbook
  • Contract Document
  • Trademark registration for your logo (optional)
  • Tax Payer’s ID number.

13. Write a Business Plan

It is a fact that there is hardly business that does not require a business plan. If you are serious about starting a business with the aim of competing and making good profits, then you should ensure that you prepare a business document before investing your hard earned money and time into the business. Besides you will need a good business plan if you are considering starting a commercial farm because it involves huge start – capital especial as it relates to acquiring farm lands and farming equipment

A business plan is like a blue print that is needed to successfully run a business; it is the document that will influence all your business decisions and actions.

The whole idea of writing a business plan is not just for the sake of having a business document in place; but to draft strategies that will help you effectively administer and manage your commercial farm business. Your business plan should cover strategies on how you intend to generate your start – up capital, attract clients and also to expand the scope of your business. These are some of the key components that must not be missing in your business plan.

Other key components that should be included in your business plan are as follow;

Executive summary and your company’s descriptions

This is the section where you are expected to clearly state what your commercial farm business is all about, your company’s corporate culture, your sales and marketing strategies and perhaps what stands you out from your competitors, You are also expected to state your company’s vision statement, mission statement and the areas where you want to cover.

Lastly, other key components that should not be missing in your business plan are your products or service offering, SWOT analysis, marketing and sales analysis / strategies, pricing, costing and financial projection, publicity and advertising strategy, budget and start – up capital generation et al.

You may not have to engage the services of a business consultant to help you write a business plan for your commercial farm business, you can go online to source for business plan template. With the aid of a good business plan template, you can come up with a good business plan document for your commercial farm business. But if you have enough money, you can engage the services of business plan consultants; they are going to help you produce a world class business plan document.

14. Prepare a Detailed Cost Analysis

When it comes to calculating the cost of starting a commercial farm, there are some key factors that should serve as a guide. The different niche of commercial farms determines the total cost of setting up the business.

For example, the start – up cost for a fish farm is different from the start – up cost for mechanized crop farming, so also the start – up cost for poultry farming is different from the start – up cost of cattle ranch (dairy farm) et al. As a matter of fact, if you choose to start a mechanized crop farming, then you should be willing to raise huge capital base to start the business. This is so because some cultivation machines / equipment can be pretty expensive.

Basically, you would need to tick most of the item listed below if you want to launch your own commercial farm business in the United States of America;

  • The Total Fee for incorporating the Business in United States of America – $750.
  • The budget for key insurance policies, permits and business license – $2,500
  • The amount needed to acquire / lease a farm land – $50,000
  • The amount required for preparing the farm land (for crop cultivation, fish ponds, poultry, fencing et al – $30,000
  • The cost for acquiring the required working tools and equipment / machines / tractors et al– $500,000
  • The Cost of Launching an official Website – $600
  • Additional Expenditure (Business cards, Signage, Adverts and Promotions et al) – $2,000

Going by the report from detailed research and feasibility studies conducted, you will need an average of $250,000 to start a small scale commercial farm business (most likely fish farming or poultry farming) in the United States of America.

If you want to start a medium scale commercial farm business in the United States, you would need nothing less than $500,000. And if your intention is to start a large scale commercial farm business in the United States of America, then you should look towards generating well over a million US dollars as your start – up capital.

15. Raise the Needed Startup Capital

No matter how fantastic your business idea might be, if you don’t have the required money to finance the business, the business might not become a reality. Finance is a very important factor when it comes to starting a business such as commercial farming. No doubt raising start – up capital for a business might not come cheap, but it is a task that an entrepreneur must go through.

The first thing to put in place before sourcing for start – up capital for your business is to draft a detailed business plan. With a good business plan, you can easily convince investors to invest in your business. The truth is that no bank can give you a loan if you don’t have a good and workable business plan. Besides, investors will not take you seriously if you don’t have a business plan on ground before launching out to source for start – up capital to finance your business idea.

There are several options when it comes to raising money to finance a start – up business. Some of the options are;

  • Raising money from personal savings and sale of personal stocks and properties
  • Raising money from investors and business partners
  • Applying for loan from bank (agriculture bank)
  • Pitching your business idea and applying for business grants and seed funding from the government, donor organizations and angel investors
  • Sourcing for soft loans from family members and friends.

16. Choose a Suitable Location for your Business

Choosing a location for your commercial farm requires that you take into consideration the type (niche) of commercial farming you want to stand, the climatic condition of the environment, the soil composition of the location, the availability of manpower, availability of market and of course the laws governing farming activities in the State / locations you intend starting your commercial farm.

For instance, if you are looking towards starting a fish pond especially if you want to rear salmon fish, then you should consider locating your fish farm close to a river or in a riverine area. So also if you are looking towards going into crops cultivation, it will pay you to choose a location that is close to a river; it will reduce the cost of building irrigation. Besides some crops such as rice et al are known to do pretty well when they are cultivated in swampy areas.

So before settling for a location for your commercial farm, you must put all the conditions stated above into proper perspective. As a matter of fact if you choose a good location for your commercial farm, you are likely going to maximize profits from the business; a good location will help you cut cost.

17. Hire Employees for your Technical and Manpower Needs

No doubt, most of the machines, equipment and tools needed to start a commercial farm business can be bought as fairly used and they will serve you for a long time if well managed, maintained and utilized. It is safer and economical to purchase fairly used machines, tools and equipment for a commercial farm business especially if you are low on cash and you are looking towards cutting cost.

These are some of the equipment that you would need to fully launch your commercial farm business;

  • Tractor
  • Soil cultivator
  • Plough
  • Harrow (e.g. Spike harrow, Drag harrow, Disk harrow)
  • Stone / Rock / Debris removal implement (e.g. Destoner, Rock windrower / rock rake, Stone picker / picker)
  • Broadcast seeder (alternatively: broadcast spreader, fertilizer spreader, or Air seeder)
  • Planter
  • Plastic mulch layer
  • Potato planter
  • Seed drill (e.g. Precision drill)
  • Transplanter (e.g. Rice transplanter)
  • Sprinkler system irrigation
  • Mower
  • Sickle
  • Winnower
  • Milk machine (bulk tank, milking pipeline et al)
  • Wheel Barrow
  • Truck

Basically, the nature of commercial farms does not require an office space; most people that run commercial farms operate directly from their farms. But if you have enough resources, then you may decide to open a small liaison office; a place where administrative jobs will be carried out.

As regards the numbers of employees needed to run a commercial farm business, it varies. For example, a handful of workers can effectively run a fish farm and a poultry; while it will take well over 10 workers to run a standard commercial farm. You would need a farm manager, marketers, tractor drivers and laborers if you are into commercial crop cultivation. Basically their activities will be at its peak during land preparation / planting season and of course during harvest period.

The Service Delivery Process of the Business

The process involve in commercial farming depends on the type (niche) of farming that you want to start. No doubt the production process in fish farming is different from the production process in poultry farming so also the production process for crop cultivation is different from the production process of animal husbandry.

If you are considering venturing into commercial fish farming, then part of what you need to do to get the production process started is to secure a good space, build artificial ponds (it could be water tanks), design an effective water inflow and water outflow process, secure fingerling of the kind of fish you want to rear, secure fish feed supply and then know when to harvest your fish.

If you are looking towards going into commercial crops cultivation, then the process is first securing a farm land that is ideal for the kind of crops you want to cultivate, prepare the land, plant your seeds, water the crops, weed the farm at regular interval, and harvest the crops as at when due.

The process involved in poultry farming and animal husbandry are almost same. The process involves securing a farm land, building cages / fencing the space, bringing in the animals or birds, feeding them and selling them off when they get to maturity stage.

18. Write a Marketing Plan Packed with ideas & Strategies

If you want to generate income for your business, then you must market your products and services. The marketing approach that you should employ should be guided by the type of commercial farming that you are into.

For instance, if you are into the cultivation cash crops, then you should do all that is within your power to market your produce not only in the United States, but also in the international market. The truth is that commercial farmers who are into the cultivation of cash crops make more money when they export their produce.

One thing is certain, if your commercial farm is well located, then customers are likely going to come to your farm to make purchase without any serious marketing efforts from your part. On the average, people that are into commercial farming take their farm produce to farm market to sell them off to buyers.

Here are some tips that you can adopt to market your commercial farm business;

  • Introduce your business by sending introductory letters alongside your brochure to stake holders.
  • Advertise your commercial farm in agriculture and food related magazines and websites
  • List your business on local directories / yellow pages ads
  • Attend related agriculture / farming expos, seminars, and business fairs et al
  • Leverage on the internet to promote your commercial farm business
  • Adopt direct marketing approach
  • Employ the use of word of mouth marketing (referrals)

19. Work Out a Reasonable Pricing for your Services & Products

Some of the factors that will help you sell your farm produce at the right price that will guarantee that you make profits is dependent on your strategy while some of the factors are beyond your control. For example, if the climatic condition is unfavorable and if there are natural disasters in the location where you have your commercial farm, then it will directly affect the prices of your farm produce.

Over and above, if you want to get the right pricing for your farm produce, then you should ensure that you choose a good location for commercial farm, choose a good breed / seeds that will guarantee bountiful harvest, cut the cost of running your farm to the barest minimum and of course try as much as possible to attract buyers to your farm as against taking your farm produce to the market to source for buyers; with this, you would have successfully eliminate the cost of transporting the goods to the market and other logistics.

20. Develop Iron-clad Competitive Strategies to Help You Win

There is hardly any business that you are not going to face some level of competition and all you have to do is to come up with strategies that will give you edge over your competitors in the same industry or line of business.

If you are running a commercial farm, then the type of commercial farm you are running will inform the strategies you are to adopt to help you stay ahead of your competitors. If you are into crop cultivation, you can choose to offer free transportation of the farm produce purchased by your customers (for those who purchase a reasonable amount) from the farm directly to wherever they want you to deliver it to. This will help you keep your big clients. You can also give preferential treatment to your big – time customers by ensuring that they have the options to buy first whenever you are harvesting your farm produce.

21. Brainstorm Possible Ways to Retain Clients & Customers

One of the surest ways of increasing customer retention in your business is to ensure that you treat all your customers with respect and courtesy. If you continue to meet or surpass your customers’ expectations whenever they do business with you, then you will not have to struggle to generate repeated business from them. The number one reason why people look for alternatives is when their needs are not met or when they aren’t getting value for their money.

22. Develop Strategies to Boost Brand Awareness and Create a Corporate Identity

It is important to create strategies that will help you boost your brand awareness and to create a corporate identity for your commercial farm business. This is very important especially if you are into the commercial cultivation of cash crops. If you are into the cultivation of cash crops, your customers will not be restricted to people in the United States, but people from other countries of the world.

Below are the platforms you can leverage on to boost your commercial farm brand and to promote and advertise your business;

  • Encourage your loyal customers to help with Word of Mouth mode of advertisement (referrals)
  • Advertise your commercial farm business in relevant magazines (agriculture and food related magazines), local newspaper, local TV stations and local radio station
  • Promote your commercial farm business online via your official website
  • List your commercial farm business on local directories (yellow pages ads)
  • Leverage on the internet and social media platforms like; Instagram, Google+, LinkedIn, Badoo, Facebook , twitter, et al to promote your commercial farm business
  • Employ direct coupon mailing approach to market your commercial farm
  • Distribute your fliers and handbills in target areas (farm markets) at regular interval

23. Create a Suppliers/Distribution Network

One of the major challenges of commercial farmers is the ability to sell their farm produce at the right time. There are loads of farmers whose farm produce get spoilt because of their inability to sell the produce when they become ripe and are due for harvest.

For example, if you are into the cultivation of vegetables or fruits, then you should ensure that you network with hotels and restaurants so as to supply them vegetable at a competitive price. And if you are into the commercial cultivation of fruits, it will pay you to have a robust network of fruit juice companies that you can readily supply assorted fruits at competitive prices.

The hallmark of any business owner especially those who into the production of goods is the ability to easily supply their products to a ready market. So what you need to do as a commercial farmer is to ensure that you secure a rich suppliers / distribution network.

24. Tips for Running your Commercial Farm Successfully

Irrespective of the kind of business you run, your ability to get all the members of your team to be on same page at all times is one of the keys you need to successfully run the business.

As the chief executive officer or owner of a commercial farm, it is you responsibility to give direction to the business. Part of what you need to do is to ensure that you create time for meetings with your workforce; a time where challenges, feedbacks, projections and relevant issues are discussed. The meetings could be daily, once in a week, twice a week or once in a month. The bottom line is that there should be consistent meetings in your organization.

Carrying out appraisals on a regular basis and training your employees will help you run your organization effectively.

Lastly, you should keep your doors open for suggestions from members of your team and your customers. It is very important to reward excellent performance in your organization; it will go a long way to encourage healthy competition in your organization.